{"id":84,"date":"2026-08-03T14:14:19","date_gmt":"2026-08-03T06:14:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.runnergo.cn\/?p=84"},"modified":"2026-08-03T14:14:19","modified_gmt":"2026-08-03T06:14:19","slug":"%e8%87%aa%e5%8a%a8%e5%8c%96%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95%e6%a1%86%e6%9e%b6%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98-%e4%bb%8e%e5%bd%95%e5%88%b6%e5%9b%9e%e6%94%be%e5%88%b0%e6%b7%b7%e5%90%88%e6%a1%86%e6%9e%b6%e7%9a%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.runnergo.cn\/?p=84","title":{"rendered":"\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u4e0e\u5b9e\u6218 &#8211; \u4ece\u5f55\u5236\u56de\u653e\u5230\u6df7\u5408\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u8fdb\u9636\u4e4b\u8def"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"zh-CN\">\n<head>\n<meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\">\n<style>\n\/* Gutenberg-style CSS *\/\n*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }\n\nhtml { font-size: 16px; scroll-behavior: smooth; }\n\nbody {\n  font-family: \"Noto Serif SC\", \"Source Han Serif SC\", \"Songti SC\", Georgia, \"Times New Roman\", serif;\n  color: #1a1a1a;\n  background: #f5f5f0;\n  line-height: 1.8;\n  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;\n  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;\n}\n\n.article-wrapper {\n  max-width: 720px;\n  margin: 0 auto;\n  padding: 2rem 1.5rem 4rem;\n}\n\n@media (min-width: 768px) {\n  .article-wrapper { padding: 3rem 2rem 5rem; }\n}\n\n.article-header {\n  border-bottom: 3px double #333;\n  padding-bottom: 1.5rem;\n  margin-bottom: 2rem;\n}\n\n.article-header h1 {\n  font-size: 1.85rem;\n  font-weight: 700;\n  line-height: 1.4;\n  letter-spacing: 0.02em;\n  color: #111;\n  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;\n}\n\n@media (min-width: 768px) {\n  .article-header h1 { font-size: 2.2rem; }\n}\n\n.article-meta {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans SC\", \"PingFang SC\", \"Helvetica Neue\", Arial, sans-serif;\n  font-size: 0.85rem;\n  color: #666;\n  line-height: 1.7;\n  background: #eeebe4;\n  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;\n  border-left: 3px solid #8b7355;\n}\n\n.article-meta p { margin: 0.2rem 0; }\n.article-meta a { color: #5a4630; text-decoration: underline; }\n\nh2 {\n  font-size: 1.45rem;\n  font-weight: 700;\n  margin: 2.5rem 0 1rem;\n  padding-bottom: 0.4rem;\n  border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;\n  color: #222;\n  letter-spacing: 0.03em;\n}\n\nh3 {\n  font-size: 1.2rem;\n  font-weight: 700;\n  margin: 2rem 0 0.75rem;\n  color: #333;\n}\n\nh4 {\n  font-size: 1.05rem;\n  font-weight: 700;\n  margin: 1.5rem 0 0.5rem;\n  color: #444;\n}\n\np {\n  margin: 0 0 1rem;\n  text-align: justify;\n  hyphens: auto;\n}\n\nblockquote {\n  margin: 1.2rem 0;\n  padding: 0.8rem 1.2rem;\n  border-left: 4px solid #8b7355;\n  background: #f0ece3;\n  color: #3d3225;\n  font-style: italic;\n}\n\nblockquote p { margin: 0.3rem 0; }\nblockquote strong { font-style: normal; }\n\nhr {\n  border: none;\n  border-top: 1px solid #ccc;\n  margin: 2rem 0;\n}\n\nul, ol {\n  margin: 0.5rem 0 1rem 1.5rem;\n}\n\nli {\n  margin: 0.3rem 0;\n  line-height: 1.7;\n}\n\ntable {\n  width: 100%;\n  border-collapse: collapse;\n  margin: 1rem 0 1.5rem;\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans SC\", \"PingFang SC\", \"Helvetica Neue\", Arial, sans-serif;\n  font-size: 0.88rem;\n  line-height: 1.6;\n  overflow-x: auto;\n  display: block;\n}\n\nthead {\n  background: #3d3225;\n  color: #f5f5f0;\n}\n\nth {\n  padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;\n  text-align: left;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  white-space: nowrap;\n}\n\ntd {\n  padding: 0.55rem 0.75rem;\n  border-bottom: 1px solid #d5d0c8;\n}\n\ntbody tr:nth-child(even) {\n  background: #eeebe4;\n}\n\ntbody tr:hover {\n  background: #e0dbd0;\n}\n\ncode {\n  font-family: \"JetBrains Mono\", \"Fira Code\", \"Source Code Pro\", Consolas, monospace;\n  font-size: 0.88em;\n  background: #e8e4db;\n  padding: 0.15em 0.4em;\n  border-radius: 3px;\n  color: #5a4630;\n}\n\npre {\n  background: #1e1e2e;\n  color: #cdd6f4;\n  padding: 1.2rem 1.5rem;\n  border-radius: 6px;\n  overflow-x: auto;\n  margin: 1rem 0 1.5rem;\n  line-height: 1.6;\n  font-size: 0.85rem;\n  border: 1px solid #313244;\n}\n\npre code {\n  background: none;\n  padding: 0;\n  border-radius: 0;\n  color: inherit;\n  font-size: inherit;\n}\n\nstrong { font-weight: 700; color: #1a1a1a; }\nem { font-style: italic; }\n\na {\n  color: #5a4630;\n  text-decoration: underline;\n  text-underline-offset: 2px;\n}\n\na:hover { color: #8b7355; }\n\n.article-footer {\n  margin-top: 3rem;\n  padding-top: 1.5rem;\n  border-top: 3px double #333;\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans SC\", \"PingFang SC\", \"Helvetica Neue\", Arial, sans-serif;\n  font-size: 0.88rem;\n  color: #666;\n  line-height: 1.8;\n}\n\n.article-footer p { margin: 0.3rem 0; }\n\n.discussion {\n  margin-top: 1.5rem;\n  padding: 1rem 1.2rem;\n  background: #eeebe4;\n  border-left: 3px solid #8b7355;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #3d3225;\n}\n\n::selection {\n  background: #8b7355;\n  color: #fff;\n}\n\npre::-webkit-scrollbar { height: 6px; }\npre::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: #313244; border-radius: 3px; }\npre::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: #585b70; border-radius: 3px; }\npre::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover { background: #7f849c; }\n<\/style>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n<article class=\"article-wrapper\">\n\n<header class=\"article-header\">\n<h1>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u4e0e\u5b9e\u6218 - \u4ece\u5f55\u5236\u56de\u653e\u5230\u6df7\u5408\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u8fdb\u9636\u4e4b\u8def<\/h1>\n<div class=\"article-meta\">\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u67b6\u6784\u5e08 | \u65e5\u671f\uff1a2026\u5e748\u67083\u65e5<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n\n<h2>\u524d\u8a00<\/h2>\n<p>\u5927\u5bb6\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u67b6\u6784\u5e08\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u6587\u5bf9\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u505a\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u68b3\u7406\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u6d41\u7a0b\u5230\u6846\u67b6\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u9762\u5f88\u5e7f\u3002\u4f46\u5f88\u591a\u540c\u884c\u770b\u5b8c\u540e\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\"\u6211\u8be5\u9009\u54ea\u79cd\u6846\u67b6\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u843d\u5730\"\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5728\u539f\u6587\u6846\u67b6\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u8865\u5145\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5b9e\u6218\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u9009\u578b\u7684\u5fc3\u5f97\u3002<\/p>\n\n<hr>\n\n<h2>\u4e00\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u672c\u8d28<\/h2>\n\n<h3>1.1 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u811a\u672c\u4ee3\u66ff\u4eba\u5de5\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6267\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u66ff\u4ee3\u624b\u5de5\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff08\u63a2\u7d22\u6027\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ecd\u9700\u4eba\u5de5\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u56de\u5f52\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u4f18\u52bf\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3>1.2 \u624b\u5de5\u6d4b\u8bd5 vs \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead><tr><th>\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/th><th>\u624b\u5de5\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/th><th>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\u6267\u884c\u901f\u5ea6<\/td><td>\u6162\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4eba\u529b<\/td><td>\u5feb\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u6279\u91cf\u6267\u884c<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u51c6\u786e\u6027<\/td><td>\u6613\u75b2\u52b3\u51fa\u9519<\/td><td>\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e00\u81f4<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/td><td>\u96be\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55<\/td><td>\u8f7b\u677e\u8de8\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\/\u8de8\u73af\u5883<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u521d\u59cb\u6210\u672c<\/td><td>\u4f4e<\/td><td>\u9ad8\uff08\u6846\u67b6\u642d\u5efa\uff09<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u957f\u671f\u6210\u672c<\/td><td>\u9ad8\uff08\u6301\u7eed\u4eba\u529b\uff09<\/td><td>\u4f4e\uff08\u4e00\u6b21\u6295\u5165\u53cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\uff09<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/td><td>\u63a2\u7d22\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3001\u4e00\u6b21\u6027<\/td><td>\u56de\u5f52\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<h3>1.3 \u54ea\u4e9b\u7528\u4f8b\u9002\u5408\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u539f\u6587\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e865\u7c7b\u9002\u5408\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u8865\u5145\u4e86\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead><tr><th>\u9002\u5408\u81ea\u52a8\u5316<\/th><th>\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u81ea\u52a8\u5316<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\/\u6838\u5fc3\u4e1a\u52a1\u6d41\u7a0b<\/td><td>\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u9891\u7e41\u6267\u884c\u7684\u56de\u5f52\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><td>\u9700\u8981\u4e3b\u89c2\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u6570\u636e\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><td>\u63a2\u7d22\u6027\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u8de8\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\/\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><td>\u6781\u5c11\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u573a\u666f<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td><td>\u9700\u8981\u7269\u7406\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<hr>\n\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u768410\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n<p>\u539f\u6587\u5217\u51fa\u4e8610\u79cd\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6211\u6309\u5b9e\u6218\u9891\u7387\u91cd\u65b0\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead><tr><th>\u7c7b\u578b<\/th><th>\u5b9e\u6218\u9891\u7387<\/th><th>\u6838\u5fc3\u76ee\u6807<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\u56de\u5f52\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>\u786e\u4fdd\u65b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u7834\u574f\u5df2\u6709\u529f\u80fd<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>API\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u63a5\u53e3\u529f\u80fd\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u8f6c<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u51fd\u6570\/\u65b9\u6cd5\u903b\u8f91\u6b63\u786e<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>\u7528\u591a\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u540c\u4e00\u903b\u8f91<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6a21\u5757\u95f4\u4ea4\u4e92<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>\u8bc4\u4f30\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u80fd\u529b<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>UI\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u754c\u9762\u4ea4\u4e92\u4e0e\u5c55\u793a<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u5192\u70df\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>\u5feb\u901f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u7528<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u5b89\u5168\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>\u53d1\u73b0\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6388\u6743\u6f0f\u6d1e<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u9a8c\u6536\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u6ee1\u8db3\u5ea6<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<hr>\n\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd55\u6b65\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h2>\n<p>\u539f\u6587\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e865\u6b65\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u8865\u5145\u4e86\u6bcf\u6b65\u7684\u5b9e\u6218\u8981\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n<h3>Step 1\uff1a\u5de5\u5177\u9009\u578b<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead><tr><th>\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20<\/th><th>\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\u5e94\u7528\u6280\u672f\u6808<\/td><td>Web\u7528Selenium\/Playwright\uff0cAPI\u7528pytest+requests<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u56e2\u961f\u6280\u672f\u80fd\u529b<\/td><td>Python\u56e2\u961f\u9009pytest\uff0cJava\u56e2\u961f\u9009TestNG<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u9884\u7b97<\/td><td>\u5f00\u6e90(Selenium\/Playwright) vs \u5546\u4e1a(Testsigma)<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c<\/td><td>\u5f55\u5236\u56de\u653e\u4f4e\u4f46\u8106\u5f31\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u6846\u67b6\u9ad8\u4f46\u7a33\u5b9a<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<h3>Step 2\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8303\u56f4<\/h3>\n<p><strong>ROI\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code>ROI = (\u624b\u5de5\u6267\u884c\u6b21\u6570 \u00d7 \u5355\u6b21\u8017\u65f6 - \u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c) \/ \u5f00\u53d1\u6210\u672c\n\u5efa\u8bae\uff1aROI &gt; 3 \u624d\u503c\u5f97\u81ea\u52a8\u5316<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<h3>Step 3\uff1a\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5f00\u53d1<\/h3>\n<p>\u642d\u5efa\u6846\u67b6\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u811a\u672c\u3001\u51c6\u5907\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3>Step 4\uff1a\u6267\u884c<\/h3>\n<p>\u96c6\u6210\u5230CI\/CD\uff0c\u5b9a\u65f6\u6216\u89e6\u53d1\u5f0f\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3>Step 5\uff1a\u7ef4\u62a4<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u811a\u672c\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3001\u8865\u5145\u65b0\u7528\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n<hr>\n\n<h2>\u56db\u30016\u79cd\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u8be6\u89e3<\/h2>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u539f\u6587\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6211\u8865\u5145\u4e86\u6bcf\u79cd\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u548c\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3>4.1 \u7ebf\u6027\/\u5f55\u5236\u56de\u653e\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n<p>\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5f55\u5236\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\u56de\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># Selenium IDE\u5f55\u5236\u751f\u6210\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff08\u793a\u4f8b\uff09\nfrom selenium import webdriver\n\ndriver = webdriver.Chrome()\ndriver.get(\"https:\/\/example.com\/login\")\ndriver.find_element(\"id\", \"username\").send_keys(\"admin\")\ndriver.find_element(\"id\", \"password\").send_keys(\"123456\")\ndriver.find_element(\"id\", \"login-btn\").click()\nassert \"Dashboard\" in driver.title\ndriver.quit()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e0a\u624b\u5feb\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u7f16\u7a0b<br>\n<strong>\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u786c\u7f16\u7801\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u590d\u7528<\/p>\n\n<h3>4.2 \u6a21\u5757\u5316\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n<p>\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5c01\u88c5\u4e3a\u53ef\u590d\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5c01\u88c5\nclass LoginModule:\n    def __init__(self, driver):\n        self.driver = driver\n\n    def login(self, username, password):\n        self.driver.find_element(\"id\", \"username\").send_keys(username)\n        self.driver.find_element(\"id\", \"password\").send_keys(password)\n        self.driver.find_element(\"id\", \"login-btn\").click()\n\n    def logout(self):\n        self.driver.find_element(\"id\", \"logout-btn\").click()\n\nclass SearchModule:\n    def __init__(self, driver):\n        self.driver = driver\n\n    def search(self, keyword):\n        self.driver.find_element(\"id\", \"search-box\").send_keys(keyword)\n        self.driver.find_element(\"id\", \"search-btn\").click()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u6a21\u5757\u590d\u7528\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u65b9\u4fbf<br>\n<strong>\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u6570\u636e\u4ecd\u786c\u7f16\u7801\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d<\/p>\n\n<h3>4.3 \u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n<p>\u5c06\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u4e00\u4efd\u811a\u672c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u591a\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import pytest\nimport yaml\n\n# \u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5916\u90e8\u6587\u4ef6 test_data.yaml\uff09\n# users:\n#   - username: admin    password: admin123  expected: success\n#   - username: admin    password: wrong     expected: fail\n#   - username: \"\"       password: admin123  expected: fail\n\n@pytest.mark.parametrize(\"data\", yaml.safe_load(open(\"test_data.yaml\"))[\"users\"])\ndef test_login_data_driven(data):\n    login_page.login(data[\"username\"], data[\"password\"])\n    if data[\"expected\"] == \"success\":\n        assert dashboard_page.is_loaded()\n    else:\n        assert login_page.has_error()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u65b0\u589e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ea\u9700\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u884c<br>\n<strong>\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u590d\u6742\u903b\u8f91\u96be\u4ee5\u7528\u7eaf\u6570\u636e\u8868\u8fbe<\/p>\n\n<h3>4.4 \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u9a71\u52a8\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n<p>\u7528\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u975e\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\u4e5f\u80fd\u7f16\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5e93\nKEYWORDS = {\n    \"\u6253\u5f00\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\": lambda driver, browser: webdriver.__dict__[browser](),\n    \"\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\": lambda driver, locator, text: driver.find_element(*locator).send_keys(text),\n    \"\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\": lambda driver, locator: driver.find_element(*locator).click(),\n    \"\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6587\u672c\": lambda driver, locator, expected: assert expected in driver.find_element(*locator).text,\n}\n\n# \u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff08Excel\/\u8868\u683c\u5b9a\u4e49\uff09\n# | \u6b65\u9aa4 | \u5173\u952e\u5b57   | \u76ee\u6807          | \u6570\u636e        |\n# | 1    | \u6253\u5f00\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668 | Chrome        |             |\n# | 2    | \u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c   | id=username   | admin       |\n# | 3    | \u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c   | id=password   | 123456      |\n# | 4    | \u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae   | id=login-btn  |             |\n# | 5    | \u9a8c\u8bc1\u6587\u672c   | id=welcome    | Hello admin |<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u975e\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u79bb<br>\n<strong>\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5e93\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\uff0c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u53d7\u9650<\/p>\n\n<h3>4.5 \u6df7\u5408\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n<p>\u7ed3\u5408\u591a\u79cd\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u6df7\u5408\u6846\u67b6\u7ed3\u6784\nproject\/\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 pages\/              # Page Object\uff08\u6a21\u5757\u5316\uff09\n\u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 login_page.py\n\u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 dashboard_page.py\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 data\/               # \u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\uff08\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\uff09\n\u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 login_data.yaml\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 keywords\/           # \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5e93\uff08\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u9a71\u52a8\uff09\n\u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 web_keywords.py\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 tests\/              # \u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\n\u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 test_login.py\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 conftest.py         # \u516c\u5171fixture<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u7075\u6d3b\u3001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u3001\u8986\u76d6\u5404\u79cd\u573a\u666f<br>\n<strong>\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u521d\u671f\u642d\u5efa\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u9ad8<\/p>\n\n<h3>4.6 BDD\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n<p>\u7528\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u63cf\u8ff0\u6d4b\u8bd5\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-gherkin\">Feature: \u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\n  Scenario: \u6b63\u5e38\u767b\u5f55\n    Given \u7528\u6237\u5728\u767b\u5f55\u9875\u9762\n    When \u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540d \"admin\" \u548c\u5bc6\u7801 \"123456\"\n    And \u70b9\u51fb\u767b\u5f55\u6309\u94ae\n    Then \u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u5230\u6b22\u8fce\u4fe1\u606f \"Hello admin\"\n\n  Scenario: \u5bc6\u7801\u9519\u8bef\n    Given \u7528\u6237\u5728\u767b\u5f55\u9875\u9762\n    When \u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540d \"admin\" \u548c\u5bc6\u7801 \"wrong\"\n    And \u70b9\u51fb\u767b\u5f55\u6309\u94ae\n    Then \u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a \"\u5bc6\u7801\u9519\u8bef\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># pytest-bdd\u5b9e\u73b0\nfrom pytest_bdd import given, when, then\n\n@given(\"\u7528\u6237\u5728\u767b\u5f55\u9875\u9762\")\ndef open_login(driver):\n    driver.get(\"https:\/\/example.com\/login\")\n\n@when('\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540d \"&lt;username&gt;\" \u548c\u5bc6\u7801 \"&lt;password&gt;\"')\ndef enter_credentials(driver, username, password):\n    driver.find_element(\"id\", \"username\").send_keys(username)\n    driver.find_element(\"id\", \"password\").send_keys(password)\n\n@then('\u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a \"&lt;message&gt;\"')\ndef verify_error(driver, message):\n    assert message in driver.find_element(\"id\", \"error-msg\").text<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e1a\u52a1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u8bfb\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u56e2\u961f\u6c9f\u901a<br>\n<strong>\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u6b65\u9aa4\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\uff0c\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u5bfc\u81f4\u5197\u4f59<\/p>\n\n<hr>\n\n<h2>\u4e94\u3001\u6846\u67b6\u9009\u578b\u51b3\u7b56\u6811<\/h2>\n<pre><code>\u4f60\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\n  \u2502\n  \u251c\u2500 \u56e2\u961f\u65e0\u7f16\u7a0b\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff1f\n  \u2502   \u2514\u2500 \u662f \u2192 \u5f55\u5236\u56de\u653e\uff08\u8d77\u6b65\uff09\u2192 \u9010\u6b65\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\n  \u2502\n  \u251c\u2500 \u9700\u8981\u975e\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\u7f16\u5199\u7528\u4f8b\uff1f\n  \u2502   \u2514\u2500 \u662f \u2192 \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u9a71\u52a8 \u6216 BDD\n  \u2502\n  \u251c\u2500 \u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5927\u3001\u573a\u666f\u591a\uff1f\n  \u2502   \u2514\u2500 \u662f \u2192 \u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\n  \u2502\n  \u2514\u2500 \u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u9879\u76ee\u3001\u957f\u671f\u7ef4\u62a4\uff1f\n      \u2514\u2500 \u662f \u2192 \u6df7\u5408\u6846\u67b6\uff08\u63a8\u8350\uff09<\/code><\/pre>\n<blockquote><p><strong>\u6211\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a<\/strong> 90%\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u5e94\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u6df7\u5408\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5b83\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u590d\u7528\u6027\u3001\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u6027\u4ef7\u6bd4\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n<hr>\n\n<h2>\u516d\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u63a5\u53e3\u4f18\u5148<\/strong>\uff1a\u80fd\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u5199UI\u81ea\u52a8\u5316<\/li>\n<li><strong>Page Object\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1aUI\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5fc5\u987b\u7528PO\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u9875\u9762\u53d8\u5316\u53ea\u6539PO\u7c7b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u663e\u5f0f\u7b49\u5f85<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u667a\u80fd\u7b49\u5f85\u66ff\u4ee3\u56fa\u5b9asleep<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u9694\u79bb<\/strong>\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u72ec\u7acb\u51c6\u5907\u548c\u6e05\u7406\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5931\u8d25\u91cd\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u6296\u52a8\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u8bd51\u6b21<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u62a5\u544a\u53ef\u89c6\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528Allure\u751f\u6210\u8be6\u7ec6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u62a5\u544a<\/li>\n<li><strong>CI\u96c6\u6210<\/strong>\uff1a\u6bcf\u6b21\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u4ea4\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u6838\u5fc3\u7528\u4f8b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<hr>\n\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead><tr><th>\u6846\u67b6\u7c7b\u578b<\/th><th>\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/th><th>\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027<\/th><th>\u9002\u5408\u56e2\u961f<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>\u5f55\u5236\u56de\u653e<\/td><td>&#9733;<\/td><td>&#9733;<\/td><td>\u521d\u5b66\u8005<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u6a21\u5757\u5316<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>\u5c0f\u56e2\u961f<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>\u4e2d\u7b49\u56e2\u961f<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u9a71\u52a8<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>\u4e1a\u52a1+\u6d4b\u8bd5\u534f\u4f5c<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>\u6df7\u5408\u6846\u67b6<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>\u4f01\u4e1a\u56e2\u961f<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>BDD<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>&#9733;&#9733;&#9733;<\/td><td>\u654f\u6377\u56e2\u961f<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff1a\u6846\u67b6\u6ca1\u6709\u6700\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6700\u9002\u5408\u7684\u3002\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6309\u9700\u6f14\u8fdb\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<hr>\n\n<blockquote><p>\u91cd\u5199\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u67b6\u6784\u5e08\uff0c7\u5e74\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5f00\u53d1\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e3b\u5bfc\u8fc73\u4e2a\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6846\u67b6\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n<footer 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\u539f\u6587\u5bf9\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u505a\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u68b3\u7406\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u6d41\u7a0b\u5230\u6846\u67b6\u5206&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":87,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-84","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.runnergo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.runnergo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.runnergo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.runnergo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.runnergo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=84"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blog.runnergo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":86,"href":"https:\/\/blog.runnergo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84\/revisions\/86"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.runnergo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/87"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.runnergo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=84"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.runnergo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=84"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.runnergo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=84"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}